The complement system consists of plasma proteins that "complement" the ability of antibodies to clear pathogens. It can be activated through three distinct pathways, all converging at the creation of .
The human immune system is divided into two primary defense forces: the Innate Immune System and the Adaptive Immune System. They work together to identify and eliminate pathogens. Innate Immunity (The First Responders)
Coats pathogens to make them tastier for macrophages ("C3b binds bacteria").
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CD4 cells act as project managers. They release chemical signals called cytokines to tell B cells to make antibodies and macrophages to fight harder. CD8+ T Cells (Cytotoxic T Cells) x MHC Class I = 8
. They recruit neutrophils to fight . Treg Cells (Regulatory): Driven by TGF-
In , T cells mistakenly destroy insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
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Acute bacterial responders that utilize phagocytosis and respiratory bursts.
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The project managers. They secrete cytokines to coordinate the entire immune response.
4. Hypersensitivity Reactions: The Coombs and Gell Classification
